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Villa Arcadia is a mansion at 22 Oxford Street, Parktown, Johannesburg. It was built for Sir Lionel Phillips, one of the influential Randlords that dominated the early history of the city. Today it is one of the Parktown mansions that are preserved as part of the city's heritage. ==History== In 1896 Sir Lionel Phillips was banished from South Africa after the Jameson Raid. He narrowly escaped the death sentence and was fined £25,000 and exiled.〔Maryna Fraser, ‘Phillips, Sir Lionel, first baronet (1855–1936)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2006 (accessed 29 July 2013 )〕 He and his wife returned and took up residence in this house known as Villa Arcadia. The first building here was a Swiss Chalet that had been imported as a frefabricated house in 1897 for Carl Rolfe, a German businessman.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.issuu.com/arttimes/docs/villa_arcadia )〕 In 1909 Herbert Baker and Francis Edward Masey were employed to design a new house at 22 Oxford Road. This was one of the last houses designed by the partnership as it was dissolved the following year with Masey leaving for Rhodesia to escape Baker's dominance.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.artefacts.co.za/main/Buildings/archframes.php?archid=1056 )〕 The current Villa Arcadia was completed with lots of input and design changes from Florence Philips. A music room was added to the house by Baker, separated from the house by a landscaped cloistered courtyard. The house features a long veranda on the ground floor fronted by eleven arches with extensive views of the M1 motorway and overlooking what was once the Sachsenwald. Today the view is the Saxonwold and Forest Town suburbs and the Johannesburg Zoo. The property was sold and a Jewish orphanage was established in the house in 1923.〔 General Jan Smuts opened the Orphanage which ran in the Villa until 2002 with its highest number of orphans in 1939 at over 400. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Villa Arcadia, Parktown」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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